Summary and conclusions -- Contributors -- Foreword / Adolf Pfefferbaum -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- ch. 4. Characteristics of alcohol : definitions, chemistry, measurement, use, and abuse / John Brick -- What is alcohol?-- Scientific notation for alcohol concentrations -- Defining alcohol use -- ch. 2. Medical consequences of acute and chronic alcohol abuse / John Brick -- Introduction and overview -- Alcohol and accidental injuries -- Alcohol and the skeletal system -- Cancers -- Alcohol-induced pancreatic injury -- Alcohol-induced liver injury -- Cardiovascular diseases -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 3. The neuropsychological consequences of alcohol and drug abuse / Rosemarie Scolaro Moser, Corinne E. Frantz, John Brick -- Introduction and overview -- Brain impairment and alcohol abuse -- Brain impairment and illicit drug abuse -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 4. Consequences of excessive chronic alcohol consumption on the brain / Margaret J. Rosenbloom, Edith V. Sullivan, Adolf Pfefferbaum -- Introduction and overview -- Cross-sectional studies of the consequences of chronic excessive alcohol use on the brain -- Cognitive and motor function : the link to neuroimaging observations -- Longitudinal studies : prospects for recovery with abstinence -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 8. Summary and conclusions -- Ryan Vandrey -- Introduction and overview -- Ethanol effects on glutanate receptor ion channels -- Ethanol effects on GABA[lower case ^]/Benzodiazepine receptors -- Changes in NMDA and GABA[lower case ^] receptors during chronic alcohol abuse and withdrawal -- Brain damage in alcoholics -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 6. Neuroanatomical and neurobehavioral effects of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure / Tara S. Wass -- Introduction and overview -- Autopsy studies -- Magnetic resonance imaging studies -- Other studies -- Neurobehavioral effects -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 7. The medical and developmental consequences of prenatal drug exposure / Karen K. Howell, Claire D. Coles, Julie A. Kable -- Introduction and overview -- Principles of teratology and behavioral teratology -- Maternal substance use and developmental impact : tobacco -- Illicit drug use : cocaine -- Marijuana -- Opiates -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 8. Health consequences of marijuana use / Alan J. Budney, Brent A. Moore, Ryan Vandrey -- Introduction and overview -- Respiratory system -- Immune system -- Cardiovascular system -- Reproductive function -- Psychological consequences -- Cognitive effects -- Medical marijuana -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 12. Summary and conclusions -- Sasha Carr -- Mary Jeanne Kreek -- Introduction and overview -- Pharmacological effects of opiates : death -- Direct medical consequences of opiates -- Indirect medical consequences of opiate abuse and addiction -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 10. Medical consequences of the use of cocaine and other stimulants / Aaron B. Schneir -- Introduction and overview -- History -- Forms of cocaine -- Physiological mechanisms of cocaine's effect -- Adverse effects of cocaine -- Other stimulants -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 11. Inhalant abuse / Paul Kolecki, Richard Shih -- Introduction and overview -- History -- Substances -- Toxic effects by organ system -- Treatment of the toxic effects of inhalant abuse -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 12. Medical consequences of anabolic steroids / James Langenbucher, Tom Hildebrandt, Sasha Carr -- Introduction and overview -- History and pharmacology -- Medical consequences -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 14. Summary and conclusions -- Neal Benowitz -- Cristine Delnevo, Douglas M. Ziedonis, Michael B. Steinberg -- Introduction and overview -- The nature and history of tobacco use -- Diseases caused by tobacco -- Dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and disease -- Reductions in disease following smoking cessation -- Toxins in cigarette smoke and relationship to disease -- Tar and nicotine delivery from "light" cigarettes -- Health effects of "light" versus regular cigarettes -- Noncigarette tobacco products -- Effects of smoking on the fetus and early child development -- Exposure to tobacco smoke pollution (environmental tobacco smoke/secondhand smoke) -- Psychiatric and psychological effects of tobacco/nicotine use -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 14. Medical consequences of the use of hallucinogens : LSD, mescaline, PCP and MDMA (ecstasy) / Timothy Wiegand, Dung Thai, Neal Benowitz -- Introduction and overview -- Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) -- Phencyclidine (PCP) -- Mescaline and peyote -- Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 17. The Summary and conclusions -- Robert A. Levine -- Introduction and overview -- Antihistamines -- Caffeine -- Dextromethorphan (DXM) -- Ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and propylhexedrine -- Medical consequences of ephedrine -- Pseudoephedrine -- Propylhexedrine (Benzedrex nasal inhaler) : use and medical consequences -- Nicotine replacement products -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 16. Interaction of alcohol with medications and other drugs / John Brick, Mark C. Wallen , William J. Lorman -- Introduction and overview -- Pharmacological basis of alcohol-drug interactions -- Specific alcohol-drug interactions -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 17. The adverse effects of alcohol and drug abuse in the oral cavity / Terry D. Rees, Robert A. Levine -- Introduction and overview -- Oral effects of alcohol abuse -- Oral effects of cocaine -- Oral effects of amphetamines, methamphetamines (Speed), and MDMA (Ecstasy) -- Oral effects of cannabis -- Dental management of the patient who abuses alcohol or drugs -- Summary and conclusions -- ch. 18. Index. William J. Lorman -- William J. Lorman -- Introduction and overview -- Prevalence and statistics -- Assessment of comorbid disorders -- Post-acute withdrawal syndrome -- Treatment of comorbid disorders -- Psychopharmacological treatment of psychiatric disorders in comorbid patients -- Alcoholism treatment medications and comorbid disorders -- Comorbid disorders and suicide -- Comorbid disorders and HIV/Hepatitis C -- Summary and conclusions -- Index.
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