Machine generated contents note: -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Author -- Introduction -- A History of Respectable Fears -- Estimating the Number of Gangs, Gang Members, and Gang Crimes -- Chapter 1. Early Research and Perspectives -- 18th- and 19th-Century Gangs -- Thrasher: The First Gang Researcher -- Gangs as Delinquent Subcultures -- Differential Opportunity Theory -- Lower-Class Culture and Adolescence -- Gangs as Near-Group -- Group Process and Gang Delinquency -- Roles within Gangs: Keiser and the Vice Lords -- Street Gangs and Street Workers -- Chapter 2. Definitions, Daily Life, Dynamics, and Risk Factors -- Sociological Definitions -- Legal Definitions -- What Gangs Are Not -- A Structured Typology -- Daily Life -- Positive and Negative Aspects -- Interrelated Dynamics -- Membership -- Organization -- Subgroups -- Intensity -- The Causes and Correlates Studies -- Protective Factors -- Chapter 3. Race, Migration, and Immigration -- A Brief Note on Race Relations in American History -- Black Gangs -- The Crips and Bloods -- Latino Gangs -- The People Nation and the Folks Nation -- A Typology of Mexican American Gangs -- Asian and Asian Pacific Islander Gangs -- Chinese Gangs -- Southeast Asian Gangs -- Filipino Gangs -- Native American Gangs -- White Gangs -- Skinheads -- Skinheads as Gangs -- Nazi Low Riders -- Chapter 4. Females -- Early Studies and Stereotypes -- Increases in Female Arrests and Incarceration -- Further Developments in Female Gang Research -- Differences and Similarities between Gang Females and Males -- The Number of Female Gangs and Gang Members -- Different Types of Female Gangs -- Female Gang Violence -- Sexual Victimization -- Identity, Femininity, Sexuality, and Respect -- Pregnancy and Motherhood -- Prosocial Functions and Post-Gang Lives -- Chapter 5. Drug Use and Sales -- Substance Use Patterns -- Alcohol -- Marijuana -- Other Illicit Drugs -- Attitudes about Hard Drug Use -- Drug Addiction -- Drug Selling -- Myths about Drug Selling -- Drug Sales and Violence -- Chapter 6. Violence and Victimization -- The Definition of Gang-Related Violence -- The Prevalence of Gang Violence -- Witness Intimidation -- Fighting -- Firearms -- Homicide -- Victimization -- Chapter 7. Style and Media -- Cultural Criminology -- The Importance of Style -- Interpreting Graffiti -- Gangsta Rap -- Homology, Diffusion, and Criminalization -- The Mass Media -- Moral Panics, Policy, and Other Outcomes -- The Internet -- Chapter 8. Theories on Gangs and Gang Behaviors -- Multiple Marginalization -- Enhancement, Selection, and Facilitation Hypotheses -- Gangs as Resistance -- Women's Liberation and Social Injury Hypotheses -- Marijuana Normalization -- Theoretical Miscellanea -- Control Theory -- Labeling -- Biosocial -- Perspectives on Gang Violence -- Threat -- Locura -- Subculture of Violence -- Masculinity -- Violence as Transcendence -- Grounded Culture -- Toward a Theory on Gang Fighting -- Chapter 9. Prison Gangs -- The Emergence of Prison Gangs -- The Number of Prison Gangs -- Prison Gangs Based on Race -- Aryan Brotherhood -- The Mexican Mafia -- Black Guerilla Family -- Differences and Similarities between Street and Prison Gangs -- The Relationship between Prison Gangs and Street Gangs -- Radicalization and Prison Gangs -- Prison Gang Misconduct -- Prison Guard Misconduct and Gangs -- Leaving Prison Gangs -- Recidivism -- Responding to Prison Gangs -- Chapter 10. Desistance and Leaving the Gang -- Desistance from Crime and Delinquency -- The Life-Course Perspective -- Identity and Agency -- Hooks for Change -- Displacement and Drug Use -- Desistance Miscellanea -- Leaving the Gang -- Violent Rituals -- Positions within the Gang and Gang Organization -- A Shift in Peer Network Affiliations -- A Reduction in Risk Behaviors and Victimization -- Family and Employment -- Routine Activities and Disposition -- Have They Really Left? -- Resisting Gangs -- Chapter 11. Public Health Aspects -- Gang Youth and Public Health -- Unsafe Sexual Behaviors and STIs -- Incarceration as Health Risk -- Symptoms of Mental Health Illness and Psychiatric Diagnoses -- Homelessness -- Injuries -- Health Miscellanea -- Nursing Intervention -- Toward a Public Health Agenda for Gang Youth -- Chapter 12. Gangs outside of the United States -- England -- Early Research -- South London, 1996-2002 -- Modern Investigations -- Eurogang Research -- Holland -- Germany -- France -- Spain -- Italy -- Northern Countries -- Russia -- Canada -- Israel -- Latin America -- Mexico -- The Caribbean -- Central America -- Brazil -- Australia -- China -- Chapter 13. Suppression, Intervention, and Prevention -- Suppression -- Gang Legislation -- Civil Gang Injunctions -- Police Gang Units -- Gang Cop Misconduct -- Boston Gun Project -- Diversion -- Intervention -- The Chicago Area Project -- Interventionists -- The Spergel Model -- The Comprehensive Strategy -- Problems with Citywide Approaches -- Homeboy Industries -- Cure Violence -- Truces -- Prevention -- Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) -- Other Gang Educational Curricula -- Appendix -- References -- Credits -- Subject Index -- Author Index.
Summary:
"Gangs: An Introduction provides a wide-ranging overview ideal for courses on gangs. Opening with a discussion of early research and perspectives from the late 1920s until the early 1970s, the book then moves on to cover sociological and legal definitions of gangs; daily life and risk and protective factors; race and immigration; female gang members; drug use and selling; violence and victimization; the cultural criminology of gangs; theories on gangs and gang behaviors; desistance; suppression, intervention, and prevention; and more. FEATURES * A focus on theories of gangs, rather than on criminological theories * Original contributions to the gang literature * An emphasis on evidence-based practices * Examples of real-life court cases * Interview excerpts from gang members, drawn from the author's research *Media Check! sections in each chapter featuring examples from movies, documentaries, TV shows, and music"--Provided by publisher. "This is a textbook for undergraduate majors and non-majors in an introductory Juvenile Delinquency course or course on Gangs"--Provided by publisher.
This resource is supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act as administered by State Library of Iowa.