The voluntary emigrations, 1827-36 -- The first McIntosh party, 1827-28 -- The second McIntosh party, 1828 -- The third voluntary emigrating party, 1829 -- Chilly McIntosh's and Benjamin Hawkins's emigrating parties, 1833 -- The fourth voluntary emigrating party, 1834-35 -- The fifth voluntary emigrating party, 1835-36 -- The forced removals, 1836 -- First detachment of Creek prisoners, July-August 1836 -- Second detachment of Creek prisoners, August-November 1836 -- The coerced relocations, 1836-37 -- Detachments 1-6 -- Detachment 1 -- Detachment 2 -- Detachment 3 -- Detachment 4 -- Detachment 5 -- Detachment 6 -- The refugee removals, 1837 -- Removal of the refugee Creeks in the Cherokee and Chickasaw countries -- The voluntary self-emigrations and reunification emigrations, 1831-77 -- The reunification emigrations.
Summary:
Between 1827 and 1837 approximately twenty-three thousand Creek Indians were transported across the Mississippi River, exiting their homeland under extreme duress and complex pressures. During the physically and emotionally exhausting journey, hundreds of Creeks died, dozens were born, and almost no one escaped without emotional scars caused by leaving the land of their ancestors.Bending Their Way Onward is an extensive collection of letters and journals describing the travels of the Creeks as they moved from Alabama to present-day Oklahoma. This volume includes documents related to the "voluntary" emigrations that took place beginning in 1827 as well as the official conductor journals and other materials documenting the forced removals of 1836 and the coerced relocations of 1836 and 1837. This volume also provides a comprehensive list of muster rolls from the voluntary emigrations that show the names of Creek families and the number of slaves who moved west. The rolls include many prominent Indian countrymen (such as white men married to Creek women) and Creeks of mixed parentage. Additional biographical data for these Creek families is included whenever possible. Bending Their Way Onward is the most exhaustive collection to date of previously unpublished documents related to this pivotal historical event.
This resource is supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act as administered by State Library of Iowa.