Introduction / Ekkehart Malotki and Ellen Dissanayake -- The concept of artification / Ellen Dissanayake -- Terminology, chronology, and dating of North American paleomarks / Ekkehart Malotki -- Cupules as an archetypal artification / Ekkehart Malotki and Ellen Dissanayake -- Ancestral minds and the spectrum of symbol / Ellen Dissanayake -- Sites and styles of the western archaic tradition rock art complex / Ekkehart Malotki -- Origins and functions of abstract-geometric markings / Ekkehart Malotki and Ellen Dissanayake -- Why did our ancestors artify? / Ellen Dissanayake -- Conclusion: the geometric enigma / Ekkehart Malotki and Ellen Dissanayake.
Summary:
The earliest rock art - in the Americas as elsewhere - is geometric or abstract. Until now, however, no book-length study has been devoted to the deep antiquity and amazing range of geometrics and the fascinating questions that arise from their ubiquity and variety. Why did they precede representational marks? What is known about their origins and functions? Why and how did humans begin to make marks, and what does this practice tell us about the early human mind? With some two hundred striking color images and discussions of chronology, dating, sites, and styles, this pioneering investigation of abstract geometrics on stone (as well as bone, ivory, and shell) explores its wide-ranging subject from the perspectives of ethnology, evolutionary biology, cognitive archaeology, and the psychology of artmaking. The authors' approach instills a greater respect for a largely unknown and underappreciated form of paleoart, suggesting that before humans became Homo symbolicus or even Homo religiosus, they were mark-makers - Homo aestheticus.
This resource is supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act as administered by State Library of Iowa.