Originally published as: Compter et classer : Histoire des recensements américains by Paul Schor, Éditions de l'École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (pages 337-350) and index.
Contents:
Machine generated contents note: pt. I THE ORIGINS OF THE US CENSUS: FROM ENUMERATION OF VOTERS AND TAXPAYERS TO "SOCIAL STATISTICS," 1790 -- 1840 -- 1. The Creation of the Federal Census by the Constitution of the United States: A Political Instrument -- 2. The First Developments of the National Census (1800 -- 1830) -- 3. The Census of 1840: Science, Politics, and "Insanity" of Free Blacks -- pt. II SLAVES, FORMER SLAVES, BLACKS, AND MULATTOES: IDENTIFICATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE STATISTICAL SEGREGATION OF POPULATIONS (1850 -- 1865) -- 4. Whether to Name or Count Slaves: The Refusal of Identification -- 5. Color, Race, and Origin of Slaves and Free Persons: "White" "Black," and "Mulatto" in the Censuses of 1850 and 1860 -- 6. Color and Status of Slaves: Legal Definition and Census Practice -- 7. Census Data for 1850 and 1860 and the Defeat of the South -- pt. III THE RISE OF IMMIGRATION AND THE RACIALIZATION OF SOCIETY: THE ADAPTATION OF THE CENSUS TO THE DIVERSITY OF THE AMERICAN POPULATION (1850 -- 1900) -- 8. Modernization, Standardization, and Internationalization: From the Censuses of J.C.G. Kennedy (1850 and 1860) to the First Census of Francis A. Walker (1870) -- 9. From Slavery to Freedom: The Future of the Black Race or Racial Mixing as Degeneration -- 10. From "Mulatto" to the "One Drop Rule" (1870 -- 1900) -- 11. The Slow Integration of Indians into US Population Statistics in the Nineteenth Century -- 12. The Chinese and Japanese in the Census: Nationalities That Are Also Races -- 13. Immigration, Nativism, and Statistics (1850 -- 1900) -- pt. IV APOGEE AND DECLINE OF ETHNIC STATISTICS (1900 -- 1940) -- 14. The Disappearance of the "Mulatto" as the End of Inquiry into the Composition of the Black Population of the United States -- 15. The Question of Racial Mixing in the American Possessions: National Norms and Local Resistance -- Illustrations -- 16. New Asian Races, New Mixtures, and the "Mexican" Race: Interest in "Minor Races" -- 17. From Statistics by Country of Birth to the System of National Origins -- pt. V THE POPULATION AND THE CENSUS: REPRESENTATION, NEGOTIATION, AND SEGMENTATION (1900 -- 1940) -- 18. The Census and African Americans Within and Outside the Bureau -- 19. Women as Census Workers and as Relays in the Field -- 20. Ethnic Marketing of Population Statistics.
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