Machine generated contents note: pt. ONE Introduction to High-Acuity Nursing -- ch. 1 High-Acuity Nursing -- High-Acuity Environment -- Resource Allocation -- Use of Technology in High-Acuity Environments -- Healthy Work Environment -- Ensuring Patient Safety in High-Acuity Environments -- ch. 2 Holistic Care of the Patient and Family -- Impact of Acute Illness on Patient and Family -- Coping with Acute Illness -- Patient- and Family-Centered Care -- Cultural Diversity -- Palliative and End-of-Life Care -- Environmental Stressors -- ch. 3 The Older Adult High-Acuity Patient -- Introduction to the Aging Patient -- Neurologic and Neurosensory Systems Changes -- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems Changes -- Integumentary and Musculoskeletal Systems Changes -- Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Systems Changes -- Endocrine and Immune System Changes -- Cognitive Conditions Impacting Hospitalization -- Factors Impacting Hospitalization -- Geriatric Assessment Tools for the High-Acuity Nurse -- High-Risk Injuries and Complications of Trauma -- Special Considerations: A Culture of Caring and End-of-Life Care -- pt. TWO Therapeutic Support of the High-Acuity Patient -- ch. 4 Acute Pain Management -- The Multifaceted Nature of Pain -- Acute Pain in the High-Acuity Patient -- Pain Assessment -- Management of Acute Pain -- Issues in Inadequate Treatment of Acute Pain -- Monitoring for Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression -- Pain Management in Special Patient Populations -- Moderate Sedation/Analgesia -- ch. 5 Nutrition Support -- Nutrition Alterations in the High-Acuity Patient -- Nutritional Alterations in Specific Disease States -- Enteral Nutrition -- Total Parenteral Nutrition -- Refeeding Considerations -- ch. 6 Mechanical Ventilation -- Determining the Need for Ventilatory Support -- Required Equipment for Mechanical Ventilation -- Types of Mechanical Ventilators -- Commonly Monitored Ventilator Settings -- Noninvasive Alternatives to Me-chanical Ventilation -- Major Complications of Mechanical Ventilation -- Artificial Airway Complications -- Care of the Patient Requiring Mechanical Ventilation -- Weaning the Patient from the Mechanical Ventilator -- ch. 7 Introduction to Hemodynamic Monitoring -- Introduction to Hemodynamic Parameters -- Noninvasive and Minimally Invasive Hemodynamic Technologies -- Introduction to Pulmonary Artery Catheters -- Pulmonary Artery Catheter Insertion and Measurements -- Right Atrial and Ventricular Pressures -- Pulmonary Artery and Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressures -- Vascular Resistance and Stroke Work -- ch. 8 Basic Cardiac Rhythm Interpretation -- Cellular Membrane Permeability -- Cardiac Conduction and the Electrocardiogram -- Basic Interpretation Guidelines -- Risk Factors for Development of Dysrhythmias -- Sinus Dysrhythmias -- Atrial Dysrhythmias -- Junctional Dysrhythmias -- Ventricular Dysrhythmias -- Conduction Abnormalities -- Pharmacologic and Countershock Interventions and Nursing Implications -- Electrical Therapy -- ch. 9 Complex Wound Management -- Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin and Effects of Wounds -- Wound Physiology -- Factors that Affect Wound Healing -- Clinical Assessment of Wound Healing -- Principles of Wound Management -- Wound Infections: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment -- Necrotizing Soft-tissue Infections -- Enterocutaneous Fistulas -- Pressure Ulcers -- pt. THREE Pulmonary -- ch. 10 Determinants and Assessment of Pulmonary Function -- Mechanics of Breathing -- Ventilation -- Pulmonary Gas Exchange -- Respiration and Diffusion -- Pulmonary Gas Exchange -- Perfusion -- Acid-Base Physiology and Disturbances -- Arterial Blood Gases -- Focused Respiratory Nursing History and Assessment -- Pulmonary Function Evaluation -- Noninvasive and Invasive Monitoring of Gas Exchange -- ch. 11 Alterations in Pulmonary Function -- Review of Restrictive and Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders -- Acute Respiratory Failure -- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome -- Pulmonary Embolism -- Acute Respiratory Infections -- Thoracic Surgery and Chest Tubes -- The Standard Respiratory Plan of Care -- pt. FOUR Cardiovascular -- ch. 12 Determinants and Assessment of Cardiac Function -- Review of the Cardiopulmonary System -- Review of Heart Anatomy -- Determinants of Cardiac Output -- Review of Blood Pressure -- Assessment of Cardiac Function -- Cardiovascular Diagnostic Procedures -- ch. 13 Alterations in Cardiac Function -- Valvular Heart Disease -- Heart Failure -- Hypertension -- Hypertensive Crises -- Aortic Aneurysm -- ch. 14 Alterations in Myocardial Tissue Perfusion -- Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis/Coronary Artery Disease -- Etiologic Factors for Coronary Artery Disease -- Clinical Presentation of Impaired Myocardial Tissue Perfusion -- Diagnostic Tests for Alterations in Myocardial Tissue Perfusion -- Impaired Myocardial Tissue Perfusion: Acute Coronary Syndromes -- Collaborative Interventions to Restore Myocardial Tissue Perfusion -- pt. FIVE Neurologic -- ch. 15 Determinants and Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion -- Selective Neurological Anatomy and Physiology -- Intracranial and Cerebral Perfusion Pressures -- Assessment of Cerebral Tissue Perfusion -- Diagnostic Procedures -- ch. 16 Mentation and Sensory Motor Complications of Acute Illness -- Decreased Level of Consciousness, Abnormal Mentation, and Anxiety -- Delirium and Coma -- Disorders of Movement -- Seizure Complications in High-Acuity Patients -- ch. 17 Acute Stroke Injury -- Definition and Classifications of Strokes -- Pathophysiology of Stroke -- Risk Factors for Stroke -- Assessment and Diagnosis of Stroke -- Acute Stroke Management -- Hospital Management and Secondary Prevention in the Acute Phase -- ch. 18 Traumatic Brain Injury -- Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Skull Fractures -- Decreased Intracranial Adaptive Capacity -- Focal and Diffuse Brain Injuries -- Assessment and Diagnosis -- Collaborative Management of Traumatic Brain Injury -- Nursing Management -- Complications Associated with Increased Intracranial Pressure -- ch. 19 Acute Spinal Cord Injury -- Spinal Cord Anatomy and Physiology -- Spinal Cord Injury -- Diagnosis and Assessment of Spinal Cord Injury -- Stabilization and Management of Spinal Cord Injury in the Acute Care Phase -- High-Acuity Nursing Care of the Patient with a Spinal Cord Injury -- pt. SIX Gastrointestinal -- ch. 20 Determinants and Assessment of Gastrointestinal Function -- The Gastrointestinal Tract -- Gut Defenses -- The Liver -- The Exocrine Pancreas -- Diagnostic Tests -- Nursing Assessment -- ch. 21 Alterations in Gastrointestinal Function -- Incidence and Clinical Manifestations of Acute GI Bleeding -- Acute Upper GI Bleeding Due to Ulcers -- Acute Upper GI Bleeding Due to Nonulcer Etiologies -- Acute Lower GI Bleeding -- Management of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding -- Acute Intestinal Obstruction -- Intraabdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome -- ch. 22 Alterations in Liver Function -- Introduction to Acute Liver Failure -- Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies -- Complications and Treatment Strategies -- The High-Acuity Patient with Chronic Liver Disease -- Nursing Considerations -- ch. 23 Alterations in Pancreatic Function -- Pathophysiologic Basis of Acute Pancreatitis -- Diagnosing Acute Pancreatitis -- Nursing Assessment of the Patient with Acute Pancreatitis -- Complications of Acute Pancreatitis -- Medical Management -- Nursing Care of the Patient with Acute Pancreatitis -- pt. SEVEN Fluid and Electrolytes -- ch. 24 Determinants and Assessment of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance -- Body Fluid Composition and Distribution -- Regulation of Fluid Balance -- Assessment of Fluid Balance -- Electrolytes -- Assessment of Electrolyte Balance -- ch. 25 Alterations in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance -- Fluid Volume Deficit -- Fluid Volume Excess -- Sodium Imbalances -- Calcium Imbalances -- Potassium Imbalances -- Magnesium Imbalances -- Phosphorus/Phosphate Imbalances -- ch. 26 Acute Kidney Injury -- Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury -- Diagnosis and Assessment of Acute Kidney Injury -- Medical Treatment -- Renal Replacement Therapy -- Nursing Care of the Patient with Acute Kidney Injury -- Chronic Kidney Failure in the High-Acuity Patient -- pt. EIGHT Hematologic -- ch. 27 Determinants and Assessment of Hematologic Function -- Review of Anatomy and Physiology -- Erythrocytes -- The Cellular Component of Oxygen Transport -- Innate (Natural) Immunity -- Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity -- Antigens and Antigen-Antibody Response -- Hemostasis -- Assessment of Hematologic Function -- ch. 28 Alterations in Red Blood Cell Function and Hemostasis -- Acute Anemias -- Sickle Cell Disease -- A Disorder of Abnormal RBCs -- Polycythemia: A Disorder of Excessive RBCs -- Thrombocytopenia: A Problem of Hemostasis -- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: A Problem of Hemostasis -- Nursing Assessment of the Patient with Problems of Erythrocytes or Hemostasis -- ch. 29 Alterations in White Blood Cell Function and Oncologic Emergencies -- Neutropenia -- Disorders of Hyperactive Immune Response: Hypersensitivity -- Disorders of Hyperactivity Immune Response: Autoimmunity -- Acute Leukemia -- Oncological Emergencies -- HIV Disease: A Disorder of Immunodeficiency -- Aging, Malnutrition, Stress, Trauma, and the Immune System -- Care of the Immunocompromised Patient -- pt. NINE Nutrition and Metabolism -- ch. 30 Determinants and Assessment of Nutrition and Metabolic Function -- Metabolism -- Nutrition: The Source of Energy -- Endocrine Influence on Metabolism -- Focused Nutritional History and Physical Assessment -- Laboratory Assessment of Endocrine and Nutritional/Metabolic Status -- Physiologic Studies of Nutrition and Metabolic Status -- ch. 31 Metabolic Response to Stress -- Introduction to Responses to Stress in Acute and Critical Illness -- Acute Adrenal Insufficiency During Critical Illness -- Thyroid Dysfunction During Critical Illness -- Note continued: Hyperglycemic Syndromes in the High-Acuity Patient -- ch. 32 Diabetic Crises -- Review of Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Deficit -- Hypoglycemic Crisis -- Hyperglycemic Crisis: Diabetic Ketoacidosis -- Hyperglycemic Crisis: Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State -- Management of Hyperglycemic Crises -- Insulin Therapy During Crises -- Acute Care Implications of Chronic Complications -- pt. TEN Multisystem Dysfunction -- ch. 33 Determinants and Assessment of Oxygenation -- Introduction to Oxygenation -- Pulmonary Gas Exchange -- Oxygen Delivery -- Oxygen Consumption -- ch. 34 Multiple Trauma -- Overview of the Injured Patient -- Mechanism of Injury: Blunt Trauma -- Mechanism of Injury: Penetrating Trauma -- Mechanism of Injury: Patterns and Mediators of Injury Response -- Primary and Secondary Surveys -- Trauma Resuscitation -- Management of Selected Injuries -- Complications of Traumatic Injury -- ch. 35 Acute Bum Injury -- Mechanisms of Burn Injury -- Burn Wound Classification and Burn Center Transfer -- Resuscitative Phase: Vascular and Pulmonary Effects -- Resuscitative Phase: Neurologic and Psychologic Effect -- Resuscitative Phase: Metabolic and Renal Effects -- Burn Wound Healing -- Acute Rehabilitative Phase: Psychosocial Needs and Physical Mobility -- Overview of Long-Term Rehabilitative Phase -- ch. 36 Shock States -- Introduction to Shock States -- Assessment of Shock States -- General Management of Shock States -- Vasoactive Pharmacotherapy in Shock Treatment -- Cardiogenic Shock -- Hypovolemic Shock -- Distributive Shock: Septic -- Distributive Shock: Neurogenic and Anaphylactic -- Obstructive Shock States -- ch. 37 Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome -- Inflammatory Response and Endothelium -- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome -- Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome -- Sequential Organ Involvement and Failure -- Management of MODS -- ch. 38 Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- Brief History of Organ Transplantation -- The Organ Donor -- Graft, Immunologic, and Legal Considerations -- Determination of Death -- Donor Management -- Organ Procurement -- The Organ Recipient -- Immunologic Considerations -- Determination of Transplant Need -- Posttransplantation Complications -- Immunosuppressant Therapy -- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- Kidney Transplantation: An Overview.
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