A practical guide to fetal echocardiography : normal and abnormal hearts / Alfred Abuhamad, MD, Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Professor of Radiology, Chairman, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vice Dean for Clinical Affairs, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, Rabih Chaoui, MD, Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Prenatal Diagnosis and Human Genetics Center, Berlin, Germany.
Congenital heart disease: incidence, risk factors, and prevention stragegies -- Guidelines for the performance of the sonographic screening and echocardiography examination of the fetal heart -- Embryology of the heart -- Genetic aspects of congenital heart diseases -- Cardiac anatomy -- Fetal situs -- Cardiac chambers: the four-chamber and short-axis views -- The great vessels: axial, oblique, and sagittal views -- The three-vessel-trachea view and upper mediastinum -- Systematic evaluation of the venous system -- Optimization of the two-dimensional grayscale image in fetal cardiac examination -- Color doppler in fetal echocardiography -- Pulsed doppler in fetal echocardiography -- Fetal cardiac function -- Three- and four-dimensional ultrasound of the fetal heart -- Fetal cardiac measurements and reference ranges -- Atrial, ventricular, and atrioventricular septal defects -- Univentricular atrioventricular connection, double inlet ventricle, and tricuspid atresia and ventricular septal defect -- Ebstein anomaly, tricuspid valve dysplasia, and tricuspid regurgitation -- Aortic stenosis and bicuspid aortic valve -- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome and critical aortic stenosis -- Coarctation of the aorta and interrupted aortic arch -- Pulmonary stenosis, pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, and ductus arteriosus constriction -- Tetralogy of fallot, pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, and absent pulmonary valve syndrome -- Common arterial trunk -- Double outlet right ventricle -- Complete and congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries -- Right aortic arch, double aortic arch, and aberrant subclavian artery -- Fetal heterotaxy and situs inversus -- Anomalies of systemic and pulmonary venous connections -- Fetal cardiomyopathies and fetal heart tumors -- Fetal arrhythmias.
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