14. Knowledge. Technological Changes -- Technology and Metaphor -- Interacting Ideas -- 1. Important Ideas and Events as Seen in 1800 CE -- Newton's Interpreter: Emilie du Chatelet -- Chapter Map -- Newton and the Mechanical Worldview -- Immanuel Kant and the Critique of Knowledge -- John Locke, Bishop Berkeley, and David Hume -- Immanuel Kant -- The Industrial Revolution -- The Enlightenment -- Ideas of the French Revolution -- The Situation -- Documents -- Conclusion: Looking Ahead -- 2. Individuals and Atoms: Individuals as Source of Wealth, Reason, and Morality -- Information: A Technological Interlude -- Chapter Map -- Theory of Liberalism -- Adam Smith -- David Ricardo -- Thomas Malthus -- Jeremy Bentham and Utilitarianism -- James Mill -- John Stuart Mill -- Women's Rights -- Mary Wollstonecraft -- Olympe de Gouges -- Abolition of Slavery -- Atomic-Molecular Theory -- Conclusion: The Engineer as Hero -- 3. Transcendence: From Community to God: Collective Wisdom and Revolutionary Transformation -- Victor Frankenstein Creates a Monster -- Chapter Map -- Political Conservatism -- Edmund Burke -- Thomas Carlyle -- Joseph de Maistre and Louis de Bonald -- Prince Klemens von Metternich -- Search for the Absolute -- Romanticism -- German Romanticism: Art and the Absolute -- British Romanticism: Poetry and Religion -- German Idealism -- Johann Gottlieb Fichte -- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel -- Individualist Opponent: Søren Kierkegaard -- Romantic Science -- Romantic Biology -- Romantic Physics: Light -- Romantic Physics: Electricity -- Conclusion -- 4. Mechanizing the Human World -- The Woman Who Made Science Popular -- Chapter Map -- The Idea of Technological Progress -- Weather Prediction and Meteorology: A Case Study -- Biology and Medicine: The Machine Organism Reconsidered -- Understanding the Steam Engine: Thermodynamics -- Maxwell and Electromagnetism -- Chemical Atoms -- The Nature of Science at the End of the Century -- Conclusion: Ada Lovelace's Futuristic Idea -- 5. Socialisms and Marxism -- The Woman Who Worked Beside Marx -- Chapter Map -- Owenism -- Fourierism -- Saint-Simonism -- Positivism -- Property Is Theft! -- Increasing Public Awareness -- Written Accounts -- Photography's Revealing Lens -- Artistic Realism -- 1848 Revolutions! -- Marxism -- The Socialist Movement -- Conclusion -- 6. From God's Plan to Marketplace Creation: Darwin and Darwinisms -- The Great Debate -- Chapter Map -- The Early Charles Darwin -- Darwin's Predecessors -- Divine Design -- Evolution as Progress -- Geology and Time -- Evolution by Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics -- Malthusian Catastrophes -- Darwin's Theory -- Two Telling Counterarguments -- Darwin's Competitor -- German Darwinism -- Ernst Haeckel -- Friedrich Nietzsche -- Evolution from Cooperation -- Social Darwinism -- Herbert Spencer -- Conclusion -- 7. Nationalism and Other "isms" -- New Nations -- Chapter Map -- Napoleonic Nationalism -- German Nationalism -- Johann Gottfried Herder -- Johann Gottlieb Fichte -- Italian Nationalism -- Finding the Nation in Languages -- Friedrich Schlegel -- Jacob Grimm -- Wilhelm von Humboldt -- Fascination with the Medieval -- Walter Scott -- Richard Wagner -- National Histories -- Thomas Macaulay -- Histories of France and Germany -- Racial Theories -- Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau -- Scientific Racism -- Finding Criminals -- Women's Lives -- George Sand -- Louise Otto -- Eliza Burt Gamble -- Alternative Approaches -- Zionism -- Theodor Herzl -- Conclusion: The Dreyfus Affair -- 8. Redefining Individuals and Society: Sociology, Economics, and Clinical Psychology -- Marianne Weber: Intellectual and Wife -- Chapter Map -- The Birth of Sociology -- Max Weber (1864 -- 1920) -- Emile Durkheim (1858 -- 1917) -- Truth at the Margin: A Revolution in Economics -- William Stanley Jevons -- Alfred Marshall -- The Lausanne School -- Clinical Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud -- Conclusion -- 9. The Early Modern World -- Marie Curie -- Chapter Map -- The Second Industrial Revolution and the New World -- Form -- Space, Time, and Geometry -- Cubism -- Scientific Conundrums -- Albert Einstein and the Special Theory of Relativity -- The General Theory of Relativity -- Science Fiction -- New Units -- Genetics -- Francis Galton -- Mutations -- Music: Tonality and Atonality -- Atomic Structure -- Early Quantum Theory -- Other Explorations of Units -- Conclusion: The First World War and the End of a World -- 10. Searching for a New World Order -- Two Reformers -- Chapter Map -- The Ideas Behind the Great War -- Imperialism -- Militarism -- A War of Invention -- Ideas Emerging from the Great War -- Ideas Behind the Peace -- The Economic Aftermath of War -- New Political Structures -- Universal Liberal Democracy -- The Great Depression and the Challenge to Democracy -- Communism -- Lenin's Program -- Stalinism -- Fascism -- Nazism -- Artistic and Philosophical Movements -- Literary and Artistic Responses in the West -- Philosophical Approaches -- Analytic Philosophy -- Wittgensteinian Critique -- Logical Positivism -- Continental Philosophy -- Conclusion: Love in Scheler and Buber -- 11. Technology and Science at Mid-century -- Nuclear Fission and Lise Meitner -- Chapter Map -- Atomic Bomb -- Technological Determinism -- Molecular Genetics -- Medicine -- Nuclear and Particle Physics -- The Vastness of an Expanding Universe -- The Stochastic Universe and the Multiverse -- Conclusion: Science the Authority -- 12. New Anomalies and Challenges -- Building and Opposing the Bomb -- Chapter Map -- pt. I Ideas Worked Out in Practice -- Cold War -- Eastern Europe -- Western Europe -- Developing Nontotalitarian Social Welfare Systems -- The Western European Idea -- pt. II Ideas Worked Out Theoretically -- Existentialism -- Structuralism -- Linguistic Structuralism -- Anthropological Structuralism -- Second-wave Feminism -- The Frankfurt School -- Hannah Arendt -- Conclusion -- 13. Intellect against Reason: Reason Fights Back -- The English Voice of the Velvet Revolution -- Chapter Map -- Opposing the Postwar Consensus -- Eastern European Movements -- Western European Movements -- Postcolonial Voices -- An Environmental Movement -- Postmodernism -- Thomas Kuhn and the Development of the Strong Program -- Lyotard and the Rejection of Metanarratives -- Baudrillard and Images of Images -- Derrida and Deconstruction -- Michel Foucault: Power and Truth -- Science Fights Back: The Sokal Hoax -- Political Tsunamis -- The End of the Soviet Union -- Germany Unites -- Great Britain Steps Back -- European Unification -- Conclusion -- 14. The Cyber Century Approaching -- The Noosphere -- Chapter Map -- Computers -- New Hardware -- Personal Computers -- The Internet -- Ideas Behind Connection -- European Nets -- The World Wide Web -- The User-Friendly Internet -- The Search Idea -- Web Business -- Hotwiring Human Desire -- Big Data -- eScience -- Climate Change -- Radio Telescopes -- Computers and Ideas -- Artificial Intelligence -- The Singularity -- Conclusion -- Epilogue: Centaur to Cyborg -- Summary and Reflections -- Liberty -- Equality -- The Struggle between Liberty and Equality -- Fraternity -- Technology: Ideas and Things -- The Cyber Century -- Science -- Science: A Critique -- Science: A Response to the Critique -- Science: New Possibilities -- Technology and Science -- Language -- Knowledge.
Summary:
"This non-technical introduction to modern European intellectual history traces the evolution of ideas in Europe from the turn of the 19th century to the modern day. Placing particular emphasis on the huge technological and scientific change that has taken place over the last two centuries, David Galaty shows how intellectual life has been driven by the conditions and problems posed by this world of technology. In everything from theories of beauty to studies in metaphysics, the technologically-based modern world has stimulated a host of competing theories and intellectual systems, often built around the opposing notions of 'the power of the individual' versus collectivist ideals like community, nation, tradition and transcendent experience. In an accessible, jargon-free style, Modern European Intellectual History unpicks these debates and historically analyses how thought has developed in Europe since the time of the French Revolution. Among other topics, the book explores: * The Kantian Revolution * Feminism and the Suffrage Movement * Socialism and Marxism * Nationalism * Structuralism * Quantum theory * Developments in the Arts * Postmodernism * Big Data and the Cyber Century Highly illustrated with 80 images and 10 tables, and further supported by an online Instructor's Guidet, this is the most important student resource on modern European intellectual history available today"-- Provided by publisher.
This resource is supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act as administered by State Library of Iowa.