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02428aam a2200301Ki 4500 001 B00125B8CF3111EB9A1890BA3BECA4DB 003 SILO 005 20210617010040 008 200529s2021 sz a b 001 0 eng d 020 $a 9783030515768 020 $a 3030515761 035 $a (OCoLC)1155525935 040 $a YDX $b eng $c YDX $d NBU $d OCLCF $d OCLCO $d LEATE $d GUL $d OCLCO $d SILO 050 14 $a HV6773.52 $b .P49 2021 100 1 $a Pezzella, Frank S., $e author. 245 14 $a The measurement of hate crimes in America / $c Frank S. Pezzella, Matthew D. Fetzer. 264 1 $a Cham, Switzerland : $b Springer, $c 2021. 300 $a ix, 126 pages : $b illustrations ; $c 24 cm. 490 1 $a SpringerBriefs in criminology 504 $a Includes bibliographical references and index. 520 $a Using data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Hate Crime Statistics Program and the National Crime Victimization Survey, this brief highlights the uniqueness of hate or bias crime victimization. It compares these to non-bias crimes and delineates the situational circumstances that distinguish bias from non-bias offending. The nuances of under-reporting shed light on bias-group and victim reasons for not reporting. By examining measurement issues associated with data collection systems, this brief helps explain why eighty-nine percent of participating law enforcement agencies report zero hate crimes each year. It describes patterns and trends in reporting the volume of general bias motivations and specific bias types, as the most prevalent hate crime offense types and most likely victims and offenders. With recommendations to address issues in measurement and under-reporting, including an action plan by the Enhance the Response to Hate Crimes Advisory Committee and the International Association of Chiefs of Police, a best practice model by the Oak Creek Police Department, and other promising law enforcement reporting models, this brief provides an increasingly critical resource for law enforcement practitioners and researchers dealing with hate crimes.-- $c Provided by publisher. 650 0 $a Hate crimes $z United States $x Statistical methods. 651 7 $a United States. $2 fast $0 (OCoLC)fst01204155 700 1 $a Fetzer, Matthew D., $e author. 830 0 $a SpringerBriefs in criminology. 941 $a 1 952 $l OVUX522 $d 20231019014043.0 956 $a http://locator.silo.lib.ia.us/search.cgi?index_0=id&term_0=B00125B8CF3111EB9A1890BA3BECA4DBInitiate Another SILO Locator Search