Includes bibliographical references (pages 341-358).
Contents:
Machine generated contents note: 1.What is this book about? -- 2.Reasons for research and the research question -- 3.Medical (law) approach or human right approach? -- 4.Delineation -- 5.Structure of the book -- 6.Methodology -- ch. One Prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Definitions -- 2.1.Prisoner, detainee and custody -- 2.2.Prison and other place of detention -- 2.3.Physician and doctor -- 2.4.Force-feeding and artificial feeding -- 2.5.Hunger strike and food refusal -- 2.5.1.Hunger strike as a determined effort -- 2.5.2.Competence -- 2.5.3.Refusal of food - difference from thirst strike -- 2.5.A. A form of protest -- 3.Difference from suicide and euthanasia -- 4."On and off" hunger striking -- 5.The physical consequences of a hunger strike -- 6.Recovery after a hunger strike -- 7.Death as result of a hunger strike -- 8.Procedures for force-feeding and artificial feeding -- 8.1.Enteral feeding -- 8.2.Parenteral feeding -- Contents note continued: 8.3.The use of force and medical risks -- 9.Conclusions -- ch. Two The concept of personal autonomy, the right to self-determination and informed consent and refusal in health care -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Definitions of personal autonomy and the right to self-determination -- 3.The relationship between the concepts of personal autonomy, the right to self-determination, the right to physical integrity and informed consent and refusal -- 4.Informed consent -- 4.1.Explicit, implicit and presumed consent -- 4.2.Elements of informed consent in the context of hunger strike -- 4.2.1.Voluntariness -- 4.2.1.1.Categories of influence: coercion -- 4.2.1.2.Categories of influence: persuasion -- 4.2.1.3.Categories of influence: manipulation -- 4.2.2.Disclosure -- 4.2.3.Understanding -- 4.3.Informed refusal -- 4.4.Exceptions to informed consent and refusal -- 5.Paternalism -- 6.Competence -- 6.1.Definition -- 6.2.Competence in hunger strikes -- Contents note continued: 7.Surrogate decision-making for incompetent patients -- 8.Expressions and codifications of personal autonomy, the right to self-determination and Informed consent -- 8.1.The EComHR and the ECtHR on personal autonomy, the right to self-determination and informed consent and refusal -- 8.2.WMA Declaration on the Rights of the Patient on the right to self-determination and informed consent -- 8.3.UN Istanbul Protocol on informed consent -- 8.4.Biomedicine Convention and informed consent and refusal -- 9.Conclusions -- ch. Three The prisoner's and detainee's personal autonomy and right to self-determination in health care -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Health care in prisons and other places of detention -- 2.1.International standards -- 2.1.1.A right to health care for prisoners and detainees? -- 2.1.2.Equivalence of care -- 2.1.3.Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment and health care -- 2.2.European standards -- Contents note continued: 2.2.1.The European Prison Rules and health care in prisons and other places of detention -- 2.2.2.Positive obligations under Article 3 ECHR and health care in prisons and other places of detention -- 2.2.3.Equivalence of care -- 2.2.4.CPT and health care in prisons and other places of detention -- 3.Dual loyalties -- 4.Human rights for prisoners and detainees or "inherent limitations"? -- 5.Positive obligations on the basis of Article 2 ECHR -- 6.The prisoner's and detainee's right to consent to and refuse medical treatment -- 6.1.International standards -- 6.2.European standards -- 6.2.1.The Recommendation concerning the Ethical and Organisational Aspects of Health Care in Prison -- 6.2.2.Protection against forced medical treatment on the basis of Articles 3 and 8 ECHR -- 6.2.2.1.The absolute character of Article 3 ECHR -- 6.2.2.2.The terms of Article 3 ECHR -- 6.2.2.3.A minimum level of severity -- Contents note continued: 6.2.2.4.Protection against forced medical treatment on the basis of Article 3 ECHR -- 6.2.2.5.Protection against forced medical treatment on the basis of Article 8 ECHR -- 6.2.2.6.Restrictions on the right to private life of Article 8 ECHR -- 7.Conclusions -- ch. Four Arguments for and against force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Arguments against force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 2.1.Force-feeding infringes upon the prisoners' or detainees' right to self-determination -- 2.2.Force-feeding is a form of torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment -- 2.3.Force-feeding contravenes medical ethics -- 2.4.Force-feeding is a violation of the hunger striker's freedom of expression -- 2.5.Hunger striking is a form of non-violent protest that must be tolerated -- 2.6.Force-feeding is a violation of the hunger striker's right to health -- Contents note continued: 3.Arguments for force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 3.1.The State's duty to protect health and preserve the life of prisoners and detainees -- 3.2.The need to constrain manipulative efforts by prisoners and detainees -- 3.3.Preserving internal order, security and discipline within the prison or other place of detention -- 3.4.Hunger strike is a form of suicide and should therefore be prevented -- 3.5.The prevention of martyrdom -- 3.6.Making sure that the hunger striker lives to stand trial so that justice can be done -- 3.7.Gathering information from the suspect in pre-trial detention -- 3.8.Interests of dependent third parties -- 3.9.The hunger striker's own interest in preserving his health and life -- 4.Conclusions -- ch. Five International and European documents and case law on force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 1.Introduction -- Contents note continued: 2.International documents and case law on force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 2.1.The UN -- 2.1.1.Principles of Medical Ethics -- 2.1.2.The SMR -- 2.1.3.The Geneva Conventions -- 2.1.4.UN human rights review mechanisms -- 2.1.5.The CESCR -- 2.1.6.The Human Rights Committee -- 2.1.7.CAT -- 2.1.8.The Special Rapporteur on the right to health and the Special Rapporteur on torture -- 2.1.9.The ICTY -- 2.1.10.Conclusions -- 2.2.The WMA -- 2.2.1.The Declaration of Tokyo -- 2.2.2.The Declaration of Malta -- 2.3.The International Council of Nurses -- 2.4.Conclusions -- 3.European documents and case law on force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 3.1.Recommendation Concerning the Ethical and Organisational Aspects of Health Care in Prisons and force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 3.2.EPR and force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- Contents note continued: 3.3.Biomedicine Convention and force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 3.4.The EComHR and ECtHR and prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 3.4.1.1977 EComHR Gallagher v the Netherlands -- 3.4.2.1984 EComHR R., S., A. and C. v Portugal -- 3.4.3.1984 EComHR X v Germany -- 3.4.4.1992 ECtHR Herczegfalvy v Austria -- 3.4.5.1997 EComHR Ilijkov v Bulgaria -- 3.4.6.2005 ECtHR Nevmerzhitsky v Ukraine -- 3.4.7.2007 ECtHR Ciorap v Moldova -- 3.4.8.2009 ECtHR Horoz v Turkey -- 3.4.9.2009 ECtHR Pandjikidze and Others v Georgia -- 3.4.10.2010 ECtHR Dermanovic v Serbia -- 3.4.11.Conclusions -- 3.5.The CPT and force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 3.5.1.The CPT's and the ECtHR's view on force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 4.NGO analysis of force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 4.1.Penal Reform International -- 4.2.Amnesty International -- 4.3.The ICRC -- Contents note continued: 4.4.The Johannes Wier Foundation -- 5.Conclusions -- ch. Six Force-feeding of prisoners and detainees on hunger strike: current policies and their development in the Netherlands, Germany, and England and Wales -- 1.Introduction -- 2.The Netherlands -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.Legal framework -- 2.3.Article 32 PPA -- 2.4.The prison physician -- 2.5.Article 32 PPA and force-feeding prisoners and detainees on hunger strike -- 2.6.The 1985 circular of the State Secretary of Justice -- 2.7.Advance directives -- 2.8.Policy challenged: the case of Volkert van der G -- 2.9.The case of Seselj -- 2.10.Legal remedy -- 2.11.Conclusions -- 3.Germany -- 3.1.Introduction -- 3.1.Legal framework -- 3.3.The RAF hunger strikes and the death of Holger Meins -- 3.4.Section 101 of the Enforcement of Punishments Act and force feeding prisoners on hunger strike: creation and development -- Contents note continued: 3.5.The current Section 101 of the Enforcement of Punishments Act and force-feeding prisoners on hunger strike -- 3.6.Zumutbarkeit -- 3.7.Proportionality (Verhaltnismaßigkeit) -- 3.8.Who decides? -- 3.9.Codification of coercive medical treatment after the reform of federalism -- 3.10.Current situation -- 3.11.Conclusions -- 4.England and Wales -- 4.1.Introduction -- 4.2.Legal framework -- 4.3.Judicial review -- 4.4.Force-feeding of suffragettes -- 4.5.Policy changed: the 1974 Home Secretary's statement on force-feeding prisoners on hunger strike -- 4.6.The case of R v Home Secretary, ex parte Robb -- 4.7.No obligation, but a right to force-feed? -- 4.8.The case of R v Collins, ex parte Brady -- 4.9.Current policy on hunger strike in prison and guidance by the Department of Health -- 4.10.Death as result of a hunger strike -- 4.11.Conclusions -- 5.Conclusions -- ch. Seven Synthesis -- 1.Introduction -- 2.The assessment of (in)competence -- Contents note continued: 3.Basic principle: respect for the competent prisoner's and detainee's right to self-determination -- 4.Food refusal by incompetent prisoners and detainees -- 5.Exception to the basic principle of respect for the competent prisoner's right to self-determination -- 5.1.The proposed exception in the light of Articles 3 and 8 ECHR -- 5.2.The role of the judge in the proposed exception -- 5.3.The proposed exception and the situation in the Netherlands, Germany, and England and Wales -- 5.3.1.The Netherlands -- 5.3.2.Germany -- 5.3.3.England and Wales -- 5.4.The proposed exception and the physician's medical ethics.
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