Introduction : hearing the voices of native nations -- Before the first journey West -- The first journey West -- The Treaty of 1821 : Indian Nation to Indian Nation -- The Treaties of 1822, 1824, and 1825 : Indian Nation to Indian Nation -- Protesting the 1821 and 1822 Treaties -- The Treaties of 1825 and 1827 : Indian Nation to the United States -- Petitions by the New York Indians -- Attempting to resolve the controversy -- 1831 Treaty with the Menominee : Indian Nation to the United States -- 1832 Treaty with the Menominee : Indian Nation to the United States -- The ongoing threat of removal -- Establishing current reservation boundaries.
Summary:
"Treaties made in the 1800s between the United States and the Indigenous nations of what is now Wisconsin have had profound influence on the region's cultural and political landscape. Yet few people realize that in the early part of that century, the Menominee and Ho-Chunk Nations of Wisconsin signed land treaties with several Indigenous nations from New York State. At the onset of the removal era, these eastern nations, including the Oneida Nation and the Six Nations Confederacy, were under constant pressure from the federal government and land speculators to move to lands around Green Bay and Lake Winnebago. In this groundbreaking book, Carol A. Cornelius has compiled a careful account of these nation-to-nation treaties, in large part in the words of those Indigenous leaders who served as the voices and representatives of their nations. Drawing on a rich collection of primary sources, Cornelius walks readers through how, why, and for whom these treaties were made and how the federal government's failure and unwillingness to acknowledge their legitimacy led to the further loss of Indigenous lands. The living documents transcribed here testify to the complexity and sovereignty of Indigenous governance then and now, making this volume a vital resource for historians and an accessible introduction to Indigenous treatymaking in Wisconsin"-- Provided by publisher.
This resource is supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act as administered by State Library of Iowa.