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03983aam a2200361 i 4500 001 FD3544E6EA0A11E7B6F5700597128E48 003 SILO 005 20171226010227 008 150611s2015 nyua rb 000 0 eng d 035 $a (OCoLC)910937846 040 $a GZL $b eng $e rda $c GZL $d IaU-L $d UtOrBLW $d SILO 043 $a n-us--- $0 http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/geographicAreas/n-us 050 14 $a HV9950 $b .R64 2015 100 1 $a Roeder, Oliver, $e author. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2016131642 245 10 $a What caused the crime decline? / $c Dr. Oliver Roeder, Lauren-Brooke Eisen, and Julia Bowling ; forward by Dr. Joseph E. Stiglitz ; executive summary by Inimai Chettiar. 264 1 $a New York, NY : $b Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law, $c ©2015. 300 $a 134 pages : $b illustrations ; $c 28 cm 500 $a Printout from online resource. 504 $a Includes bibliographical references (pages 111-134). 505 0 $a Foreword / by Dr. Joseph E. Stiglitz -- Executive Summary / by Inimai Chettiar -- Expert Reviewers -- Summary of Methodology. I. State-Level Analysis of Crime. A. Criminal Justice Policies. Increased Incarceration ; Increased Police Numbers ; Use of Death Penalty ; Enactment of Right-to-Carry Gun Laws -- B. Economic Factors. Unemployment ; Growth in Income ; Inflation ; Consumer Confidence -- C. Social and Environmental Factors. Decreased Alcohol Consumption ; Aging Population ; Decreased Crack Use ; Legalization of Abortion ; Decreased Lead in Gasoline -- II. City-Level Analysis of Crime. A. Policing. Introduction of CompStat -- Conclusion -- Appendix A: State Graphs on Incarceration & Crime -- Appendix B: Expanded Methodology, Data Sources & Results Tables. 520 $a "...examines one of the nation's least understood recent phenomena -- the dramatic decline in crime nationwide over the past two decades -- and analyzes various theories for why it occurred, by reviewing more than 40 years of data from all 50 states and the 50 largest cities. It concludes that over-harsh criminal justice policies, particularly increased incarceration, which rose even more dramatically over the same period, were not the main drivers of the crime decline. In fact, the report finds that increased incarceration has been declining in its effectiveness as a crime control tactic for more than 30 years. Its effect on crime rates since 1990 has been limited, and has been non-existent since 2000. More important were various social, economic, and environmental factors, such as growth in income and an aging population. The introduction of CompStat, a data-driven policing technique, also played a significant role in reducing crime in cities that introduced it. The report concludes that considering the immense social, fiscal, and economic costs of mass incarceration, programs that improve economic opportunities, modernize policing practices, and expand treatment and rehabilitation programs, all could be a better public safety investment."--Website 650 0 $a Criminal justice, Administration of $x Data processing. 650 0 $a Criminal statistics $z United States. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008101933 650 0 $a Crime $z United States $x Sociological aspects $v Statistics. 650 0 $a Violent crimes $z United States $x Sociological aspects $v Statistics. 700 1 $a Eisen, Lauren-Brooke, $e author. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2016131715 700 1 $a Bowling, Julia, $e author. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2016132149 700 1 $a Stiglitz, Joseph E., $e writer of forward. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79133157 700 1 $a Chettiar, Inimai, $e writer of executive summary. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2015162459 710 2 $a Brennan Center for Justice. $0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no97003881 941 $a 1 952 $l OVUX522 $d 20220719012008.0 956 $a http://locator.silo.lib.ia.us/search.cgi?index_0=id&term_0=FD3544E6EA0A11E7B6F5700597128E48Initiate Another SILO Locator Search